Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) – Allyl Bromide

Identification

Product Name: Allyl Bromide
Chemical Formula: C3H5Br
Synonyms: 3-Bromopropene, 1-Bromo-2-propene
CAS Number: 106-95-6
Recommended Use: Industrial chemical, organic synthesis
Manufacturer: Made available by several global chemical supply firms
Emergency Contact: Refer to regional poison control centers or local emergency response agencies
Address: Manufacturing site or distributor location provided on shipping documentation
Phone Number: Product label or safety department contact

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, inhalation, dermal) category 3; Skin corrosion/irritation category 2; Eye damage/irritation category 2A; Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure category 3; Flammable liquid category 3
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or inhaled. Causes skin and serious eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. Flammable liquid and vapor.
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones; exclamation mark; flame
Signal Word: Danger
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors; wear chemical-protective gloves, goggles, and clothing; wash thoroughly after handling; keep away from heat and ignition sources; store locked up; ground and bond container and receiving equipment.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Substance: Allyl Bromide
Concentration: Greater than 98% by weight
Chemical Identity: C3H5Br
Impurities or Additives: May contain trace stabilizers or hydrobromic acid as by-products depending on production batch; details often found on batch certificate of analysis

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air immediately. Call a physician. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, supply oxygen.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention immediately.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for several minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing. Call a doctor right away.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water without swallowing. Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical assistance.
Most Important Symptoms/Effects: Irritation, coughing, burning sensations, nausea, headache, possible delayed lung effects, blisters or burns on skin.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, water spray (use with caution)
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water stream, as it may spread the fire
Specific Hazards: Vapors may travel and ignite at a distance from the source. Thermal decomposition produces corrosive and toxic fumes including hydrogen bromide.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical-resistant suit, fire-resistant gloves, sturdy boots
Special Procedures: Cool exposed containers with water spray. Evacuate area and fight fire from a protected distance. Avoid inhalation of hazardous combustion products.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Ventilate area. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Wear full protective gear including chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and suit.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry to sewers, surface water, or ground water. Contain spill using dikes and absorbents. Notify authorities if larger spills cause contamination.
Methods for Containment and Cleanup: Absorb with earth, sand, or other non-combustible material. Place in a chemical waste container for disposal. Wash contaminated area with large quantities of water. Clean thoroughly to prevent vapor hazard.

Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Use only in well-ventilated spaces or fume hoods. Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces, and ignition sources. Avoid inhaling vapor or mist. Prevent contact with skin and eyes. Wear appropriate PPE at all times.
Storage Conditions: Store tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated and properly labeled area. Keep away from direct sunlight and incompatible materials such as acids, bases, oxidizers, and metals.
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, strong acids, oxidizers, amines, aluminum, alkali metals, reducing agents
Special Shipping Instructions: Use approved containers made of materials that resist corrosion and permeation.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 1 ppm (4.9 mg/m³) TWA; ACGIH TLV: 1 ppm (4.9 mg/m³) TWA
Engineering Controls: General room ventilation; local exhaust ventilation; explosion-proof extraction if possible
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Chemical splash goggles, face shield, impervious gloves (nitrile, neoprene), chemical-resistant lab coat, full suit for large exposures, NIOSH-approved respirator if vapors exceed exposure limits or ventilation is insufficient
Hygiene Measures: Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Wash hands thoroughly after handling and before eating, drinking, or smoking.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, sharp
Odor Threshold: Low; distinct irritation to nose
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -117°C
Boiling Point: 71°C
Flash Point: 7°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Rapid
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Upper/Lower Flammability Limits: Lower: 1.6%; Upper: 6.6% (by volume in air)
Vapor Pressure: 133 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 3.6 (air=1)
Relative Density: 1.398 at 20°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with organic solvents
Partition Coefficient: log Kow ~2.1
Auto-ignition Temperature: 384°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
Viscosity: Low, mobile liquid

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions and away from light and moisture
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Rapid polymerization possible in presence of strong bases or light; reacts with strong oxidizers, metals, amines
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flames, and incompatibles
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, oxidizers, metals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, irritating and toxic fumes

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Oral, inhalation, and dermal routes present significant toxicity. Oral LD50 (rat): 155 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50 (rat, 4h): 400 ppm; Dermal LD50: 750 mg/kg (rabbit).
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes moderate to severe irritation, blisters, or burns
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Severe irritation, redness, blurred vision, pain
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization: Can sensitize skin/respiratory system on repeated or prolonged exposure
Germ Cell Mutagenicity: Results from animal tests indicate genetic damage is possible
Carcinogenicity: No NTP, IARC, or OSHA listing, but chronic exposure risks unknown
Reproductive Toxicity: Limited evidence of negative effects in animal studies
STOT – Single Exposure: High doses depress central nervous system, cause headaches, dizziness, confusion
STOT – Repeated Exposure: Can cause liver and kidney damage after chronic exposure
Aspiration Hazard: May cause chemical pneumonitis if ingested and aspirated into the lungs

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life. LC50 (Fish, 96h): 45 mg/L. Adverse effects on invertebrates.
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately biodegradable under aerobic conditions, hydrolyzes slowly in water
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low to moderate based on log Kow
Mobility in Soil: Moderate to high, risk of leaching to groundwater
Other Adverse Effects: Risk increases in large accidental releases due to toxicity and volatility. Ozone layer impact limited.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Incinerate in licensed chemical waste facility equipped for acid gases
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly, then dispose following local/national hazardous waste protocols
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material or washwater from getting into surface water, drains, or soil
Special Instructions: Identify and segregate from incompatible wastes to prevent reactions during disposal

Transport Information

UN Number: 1099
UN Proper Shipping Name: Allyl Bromide
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic liquid), 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: I (highest danger)
Label Requirements: Toxic, Flammable liquid stickers clearly visible on all packages
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant notification for international shipments
Special Precautions for User: Double containment recommended; emergency response guide consulted during large shipments
Transport in Bulk: Only allowed in certified, corrosion-resistant containers with traceability

Regulatory Information

OSHA: Regulated as toxic and hazardous chemical
TSCA: Listed in the Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
EPA: Meets requirements for hazardous air pollutant reporting
SARA Title III: Subject to reporting under Sections 302, 304, 311, 312, 313
EU Classification: T (Toxic), Xi (Irritant), F (Flammable); compliance with REACH registration and labeling
WHMIS (Canada): D1A (Very toxic), B2 (Flammable liquid), D2B (Toxic)
Other International Regulations: Check regional controls and safety directives on bulk transport and handling