Bromohexane Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Identification

Chemical Name: 1-Bromohexane
Synonyms: Hexyl bromide, n-Hexyl bromide
CAS Number: 111-25-1
Usage: Intermediate in organic synthesis, solvent, laboratory reagent
Supplier Contact: Detailed contact information for reliable chemical suppliers or laboratories where bromohexane is distributed; includes address, emergency phone numbers, and responsible person or department
Recommended Restrictions: Reserved for research and development, not intended for consumer applications

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute Toxicity (Oral, Category 4), Acute Toxicity (Inhalation, Category 4), Eye Irritation (Category 2A), Skin Irritation (Category 2)
Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin and eye irritation, harmful if swallowed or inhaled, flammable liquid and vapor
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, keep away from open flame and sparks, use protective gear, wash hands thoroughly after handling
Other Hazards: Vapors heavier than air, risk of narcotic effects in poorly ventilated areas

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Component: 1-Bromohexane
Chemical Formula: C6H13Br
Concentration: >98% by weight
Impurities: Usually contains minimal traces of other halogenated hydrocarbons, which should not impact most handling procedures if only used for laboratory scale purposes

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move the exposed person to fresh air immediately, keep at rest, and seek medical attention if symptoms develop such as coughing, dizziness, or trouble breathing. Remove contaminated clothing and loosen tight clothing.
Skin Contact: Wash with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. In case of significant irritation, chemical burns, or allergic reactions, seek medical advice.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing. Seek medical help right away for persistent discomfort.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Immediate medical attention required for large-volume ingestion or severe symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, or drowsiness.
Note for Doctors: Provide symptomatic treatment. Respiratory support and symptomatic care as needed. May cause central nervous system depression.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide extinguishers. Water spray may be used to cool exposed containers but should avoid direct contact with substance.
Unsuitable Media: Avoid high-pressure water streams that may spread burning liquid.
Fire Hazards: Flammable liquid and vapor—vapors can form explosive mixtures with air.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Yields toxic gases including hydrogen bromide and carbon oxides during combustion.
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus and fully protective gear. Rapid evacuation from area required if safe to do so. Prevent runoff from fire control from entering waterways.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, remove ignition sources, use personal protective equipment—chemical goggles, gloves, flame-retardant clothing, and respirator if necessary.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent leakage from entering drains, surface, or groundwater. Notify authorities if significant environmental contamination occurs.
Containment and Cleanup: Absorb spills with inert material such as sand, vermiculite, or diatomaceous earth. Collect spill residue in approved chemical waste containers. Decontamination with detergent or alcohol wipes may assist for minor spill residues.

Handling and Storage

Handling: Use in fume hoods or well-ventilated areas, avoid skin and eye contact, ground all equipment, avoid inhaling vapor. No open flames, sparks, or smoking nearby. Store away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and acids.
Storage: Keep tightly closed in original container. Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated chemical storage areas, ideally in flammable liquids cabinet. Label containers clearly. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: Not established by OSHA, NIOSH, or ACGIH for bromohexane as of recent references, but many labs establish strict internal handling limits based on observed toxicity.
Engineering Controls: Utilize mechanical ventilation, local exhaust, and general dilution to minimize vapors and maintain safe atmosphere.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, impervious gloves (nitrile recommended), flame-retardant lab coat, chemical-resistant apron, and approved organic vapor respirator for high concentration uses.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Characteristic halogenated hydrocarbon odor
Boiling Point: Around 155°C (311°F)
Melting Point: -90°C (-130°F)
Flash Point: 42°C (108°F)
Vapor Pressure: Approximately 3 mmHg (at 20°C)
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol or ether
Density: About 1.17 g/cm³ (at 20°C)
Vapor Density: Heavier than air

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and usage conditions in sealed containers.
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, strong acids, and bases.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide, corrosive fumes, and other brominated compounds under fire or decomposition conditions.
Polymerization: No hazardous polymerization expected under normal circumstances.

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 1460 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion. Inhalation may induce drowsiness, head pain, respiratory depression, or narcosis. Skin contact causes irritation and redness.
Chronic Effects: Repeat or prolonged exposure may cause dermatitis, liver and kidney effects, or nervous system symptoms.
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as a carcinogen by IARC, NTP, OSHA.
Mutagenicity and Teratogenicity: Insufficient data—laboratory animal studies suggest possible genetic effects with high exposures, not confirmed in humans.
Sensitization: Typically not reported, but individual allergic reactions always possible.

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life; significant spills can impact fish and invertebrates adversely.
Persistence and Degradability: Breaks down slowly in soil and water; persistent under low-oxygen conditions.
Bioaccumulation: May accumulate in the fatty tissues of wildlife after repeated exposure.
Mobility: Moderate soil mobility; risk of groundwater contamination if released.
Other Environmental Hazards: Avoid uncontrolled release due to long-term risks in aquatic environments.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal: Take waste to approved hazardous chemical disposal facility. Follow local, regional, and national regulations. Incineration recommended under strictly controlled conditions.
Packaging Disposal: Triple rinse empty containers, puncture and dispose of container as hazardous waste.
Precautions: Never discharge to sewer, surface water, or storm drains.

Transport Information

UN Number: 1993 (Flammable Liquid, n.o.s. [1-Bromohexane])
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquids)
Packing Group: III
Label Requirements: Proper shipping name, UN number, hazard class diamond
Special Precautions: Secure tightly during transport, keep away from heat and ignition sources, secondary containment in case of accidental leakage.
Regulatory Compliance: Ship according to ICAO/IATA for air, IMDG for sea, and DOT for land.

Regulatory Information

TSCA Status: Listed in the United States EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
REACH Registration: May be registered or pre-registered in the European Union
OSHA Hazard Communication: Recognized hazardous material under US standards
SARA/Title III: Not subject to reporting for extremely hazardous substances, but its release should be reported under SARA 311/312 if above threshold. Not on SARA 313 toxic chemical list.
Other Country-Specific Regulations: Includes Australian Inventory (AICS), Canadian DSL/NDSL, EINECS/EU Index, and Asian regional lists as applicable.